We first assessed whether, similar to CAF isolated from head and neck, lung and breast human carcinomas (HN-CAF, Lu-CAF and Br-CAF, respectively), the long-term LIF or TGFβ-activated human dermal fibroblasts (hDF_LIF or hDF_TGFβ) constitutively retain their proinvasive properties. The gene discussed is LIF; the disease is carcinoma.