As shown in Fig. 1B, a significant difference in overall survival (OS) was detected between the patients that exhibited zero to weak G-CSF expression (the G-CSF-negative cervical cancer patients) and those that demonstrated strong G-CSF expression (the G-CSF-positive cervical cancer patients) (OS: 13 vs. 28 months, p = 0.0006). Here, CSF3 is linked to cervical carcinoma.