The effect of Leishmania infection on the expression pattern of T cell output proteins (Fig. 4c, d) becomes evident from the fact that production of the protective cytokine from the cell, such as IFN_GAMMA_T, is downregulated during the infection, while the productions of interleukins, such as IL10_T, IL4_T, IL5_T, and IL6_T are upregulated, which are mostly implicated as proteins favoring Leishmania survival [7, 49, 51, 52]. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and infection.