TLR3 and leishmaniasis: Nevertheless to combat leishmaniasis, it may be noted here that since the Th1 subset of helper T cells produces inflammatory cytokines, a constant high Th1 response may often be undesirable in order to avoid harmful side-effects, and hence the two combinations: (1) combination 1: upregulation of TLR3 (i.e. ON state) and downregulation of SHP2_T (i.e., OFF state) and (2) combination 2: upregulations of TLR3, MKP_T, and downregulation of SHC_T, can be considered as better immunotherapeutic strategies than solitary TLR2 inhibition.