In the light of their possible implication in pathogenesis of MS, we explored the ability of human MSC to modulate the expression, both at the mRNA level and at the plasma-membrane level, of α4 integrin, β2 integrin, CXCR3, and ICAM-1 on CD3+ lymphocytes, and of ICAM-1 and ALCAM on endothelial cells. Here, ALCAM is linked to myeloid sarcoma.