In the available literature six studies describe the relationship between SNPs of RRM1 and the duration of the PFS (Dong et al., Mlak et al., Vinolas et al., Isla et al., Kim et al., Ludovini et al.)and OS (Ryu et al., Mlak et al., Vinolas et al., Isla et al., Kim et al., Ludovini et al.)in patients with NSCLC treated in the first-line with platinum and third generation drug scheme (usually gemcitabine) [16, 20, 22–26]. This evidence concerns the gene RRM1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.