TARDBP and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Interestingly, mutations in TDP-43 impair neuritic mRNA transport in primary and stem-cell derived neurons and are causative of ALS (Alami et al., 2014); TDP-43 pathology also characterizes many repeat expansion diseases (Elden et al., 2010; Toyoshima and Takahashi, 2014).