CD19 and cryoglobulinemia: While the work of Ni et al observed that circulating CD19+ B cells in HCV donors had no increase in CD86 expression in comparison to healthy controls [36], findings of others indicated circulating memory B cells (CD19+CD27+) of HCV infected donors with cryoglobulinemia [37] and without cryoglobulinemia [38] have increased CD86 expression.