2-Dodecyl-6-methoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (DMDD), isolated from the tuberous roots of A. carambola L. (Oxalidaceae), has been shown to enhance the reduced SOD activities in the kidney of KK-Ay mice and inhibit the progression of DN through decreasing AGEs and TGF-β1 levels [69]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and liver dysplastic nodule.