For instance, MSC-EVs mediate cytoprotective actions in a model of pulmonary hypertension by suppressing hyperproliferative pathways such as the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway as well as upregulating miRNAs that are downregulated during pulmonary hypertension [128]. The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.