HMGB1 and autoimmune disease: There exist growing recognition and experimental evidence to support that HMGB1 plays a pivotal role not only in the diseases such as sepsis, autoimmune disease, acute hepatic necrosis, acute lung injury 25, 26, 27, 28 but also in various heart diseases, including myocardial infarction and ischaemia‐reperfusion injury, however, with no consensus on the function of HMGB1 on the pathogenesis of the diseases 9, 16, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34.