As shown in Figure 5A–5D, we found that overexpressing FLOT1 enhanced, whereas silencing of FLOT1 reduced, TGF-β responsive luciferase activity, the expression of numerous well-characterized downstream genes of TGF-β signaling and the levels of phosphorylated-Smad3 (an indicator of TGF-β activation), snail, as well as the nuclear translocation of Smad3 in NPC cells. This evidence concerns the gene SMAD3 and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.