CD8A and neoplasm: To further validate the immunomodulatory function in vivo, we injected UCNPs-Stv/OVA loaded Opto-CRAC DCs to the B16-OVA murine model of melanoma (Falo et al., 1995; Mayordomo et al., 1995), in which the B16 tumor cells bearing the OVA antigen could be readily recognized by OT-1 CD8 T cells to elicit anti-tumor immune responses (Matzner et al., 2008; Hsu et al., 2001).