IFNG and metastatic melanoma: Remarkably, the replication of SeV is not absolutely required for the anticancer effects of SeV as even UV-inactivated virus was shown to be efficient against colon,68,69 renal,69 and prostate carcinomas in mouse models.52 The UV-inactivated virus with enhanced antitumor activity was constructed by conjugation of IL-12 with hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN)-depleted viral particles (HVJ-E).84 It was demonstrated that this novel immune-stimulatory pseudovirion suppresses lung metastatic melanoma growth by regionally enhancing IFN-γ production without increasing the serum IFN-γ level.84