Insulin resistance, generally assessed by increased insulin levels, has been variously attributed to certain antiretroviral drugs (particularly some nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs)), antiretroviral therapy (ART)-induced lipodystrophy, and classical risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index and genetic susceptibility [1–9]. Here, INS is linked to Insulin resistance.