By crossbreeding the haploinsufficient Rnd3 with the global ROCK1-knockout (KO) mice, the augmented effects observed after TAC operation were strongly reduced, thus arguing for a role of Rnd3-ROCK1 signaling in the regulation of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in heart disease (Yue et al., 2014). This evidence concerns the gene RND3 and persistent truncus arteriosus.