Consistent with this is the toxicity of ALS patient derived CSF for exposed rat spinal cord cultures and the presence of mSOD1 within this CSF (Tikka et al., 2002) and intracerebral infusion of mutant SOD1 into wild-type mice can induce microglia activation and cytokine production (Kang and Rivest, 2007). The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.