The therapeutic potential of NUCB2/nesfatin-1 was discussed in several review articles (Stengel et al., 2013b), especially in the light of its leptin-independent signaling pathway (Oh-I et al., 2006), a hormone known to be less active under conditions of obesity (also known as leptin resistance) (Crujeiras et al., 2015). This evidence concerns the gene LEP and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.