Recent study reveals that Socs proteins inhibit signaling pathways associated with inflammation and innate immunity by targeting the Traf6 complex via ubiquitination modification and proteasome-dependent degradation of Traf6.38 Another study also showed that Socs3 inhibits interleukin-1 signaling by targeting the Traf6/TAK1 complex in the type II diabetes.17 But whether Traf6 protein is a target for Socs proteins in the AP is unknown. The gene discussed is SOCS3; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.