TNF and diabetes mellitus: The excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), pro-inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines such as interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 not only enhance systemic oxidative and inflammatory injury in diabetic individuals but also promote the progression of diabetes associated cardiac and/or renal disorders [18,19].