PNPLA3 and alcoholic liver diseases: The same hormonal pathways regulating fat metabolism in the liver function as mediators of ADPN activities.11,12 A common nonsynonymous SNP (I148M) located at exon 3 of ADPN with a C to G substitution has been consistently associated with liver-related diseases, such as alcoholic liver disease, chronic hepatitis C, and liver fat and fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.13–15