Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate i) the potential contribution of peripheral DCs to the differentiation and function of CD11b+Ly-6Chi monocytes, as well as ii) the deleterious or beneficial roles of infiltrated CD11b+Ly-6Chi monocytes in the progression of neuroinflammation within the immune-privileged CNS, using Japanese encephalitis (JE) model which is lethal neuroinflammation caused by JE virus (JEV). This evidence concerns the gene ITGAM and Japanese encephalitis.