CD40 and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis: DOX nephropathy models the progressive podocyte depletion, tubulointerstitial inflammation, and the development of glomerulosclerosis similar to the pathogenic changes observed in FSGS.26 Previous studies have demonstrated that blockade of CD40-CD40L signaling via administration of a CD40L antagonistic antibody was effective at mitigating disease.20,27 Our data further support an important role of CD40 in a mouse model of chronic kidney disease and also suggest that renal expression of CD40 has an important role to promote inflammation and disease.