In a cohort of 81 patients (median age 68 years) with a high prevalence of diabetes (30.9%), hypertension (81.5%), and metabolic syndrome (44.4%) who were undergoing coronary angiography, obese subjects showed significantly lower cardiotrophin-1 levels than non-obese ones, and cardiotrophin-1 levels were inversely correlated with BMI7. Here, CTF1 is linked to metabolic syndrome.