Recently, treatment of a C. elegans model of SCA3 (spinocerebellar ataxia type 3; also known as Machado-Joseph disease) with 17-(allylamino)-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-AAG), an HSP90 inhibitor, successfully decreased the mutant ATXN3 aggregation and improved locomotor activity [39]. This evidence concerns the gene ATXN3 and Machado-Joseph disease.