PPARGC1A and Insulin resistance: Finally, based on studies with muscle-specific PGC-1α transgenic animals that have an accelerated development of insulin resistance on a high fat diet (Choi et al., 2008), which can only be rectified by bona fide physical activity (Summermatter et al., 2013), the application of so-called “exercise mimetics,” compounds that elicit exercise-like effects in muscle and other tissues, might be problematic.