APOA1 and malignant colon neoplasm: Additionally, in a large European prospective study, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, an inverse association was found between HDL-C levels and endometrial cancer risk (Cust et al., 2007), and similarly plasma concentrations of HDL-C and apoA-I were found to be inversely associated with the risk of colon cancer (van Duijnhoven et al., 2011).