Based on the findings that nesfatin-1 is distributed in the stress-related brain regions, including the hypothalamus (Oh et al., 2006; Brailoiu et al., 2007; Price et al., 2008) and co-localized with stress-related substances (Oh et al., 2006; Kohno et al., 2008; Goebel-Stengel and Wang, 2013), attention has been focused on finding a possible link between nesfatin-1 and depression (Yoshida et al., 2010; Emmerzaal and Kozicz, 2013). The gene discussed is NUCB2; the disease is major depressive disorder.