MTOR and neuroblastoma: The ALKF1174L mutation activates the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) and MAPK/ERK pathways in NB cells, both of which are downregulated when ALK is inhibited.5, 9 Despite decreased levels of pALK, AKT activation was maintained in the resistant SH-SY5Y-TR pool as well as all three SH-SY5Y-TR subclones (Figure 1b and Supplementary Figure S1b).