In addition, we examined α-SMA and TGF-β1 expression and found that both α-SMA and TGF-β1 were highly expressed in the cytoplasm of some tubular epithelial cells in human renal fibrosis tissues, and their expression pattern was similar to that of P311 (Fig. 1C–F). The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is renal fibrosis.