Others have shown that NT3 plays a role in the development, function and repair of locomotor circuits (Chenet al., 2002,2006,2008;Patelet al., 2003;Zhouet al., 2003) and reported that intracranial delivery of NT3 immediately following stroke or by intracranial gene therapy prior to stroke reduces infarct volume (Zhanget al., 1999a,b,2012). The gene discussed is NTF3; the disease is Stroke.