In a recent analysis of clinical samples from chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients, 50% of bone marrow mononuclear cells from patients with imatinib-resistant disease, as well as all patients in blast crisis, presented elevated levels of 2 Alt-NHEJ proteins, DNA ligase IIIα and PARP1, that correlated with hypersensitivity to the combination of DNA ligase and PARP inhibitors [287]. This evidence concerns the gene PARP1 and chronic myelogenous leukemia, BCR-ABL1 positive.