EPCAM and cancer: In addition to the previously known prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) [74] and mucin 1 (MUC1) [75], other biomarkers like epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) [62], epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) [63] and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF165) [64] have also been used to select DNA aptamers for cancer detection.