MT-ND4 and Leber hereditary optic neuropathy: In some countries, approximately 95 % of individuals with LHON have one of 3 primary mtDNA mutations; G3460A (A52T of ND1), G11778A (R340H of ND4) and T14484C (M64V of ND6) [3, 7, 8] while other rare mutations (such as G13730A, G14459A, C14482G, A14495G, C14498T, C14568Tand T14596A) account for the final 5 % [9–16].