CX3CL1 and Sepsis: While soluble E-selectin levels were clearly elevated in patients with sepsis when compared with healthy controls (Fig. 3b, P <0.001), confirming previous reports [34, 35], soluble E-selectin was not associated with increased mortality at day 30 (Fig. 3c); admission soluble E-selectin was, in contrast with fractalkine, lower in non-survivors (P = 0.02).