CASR and colonic neoplasm: 2014; MacLeod 2013a]). In an esophageal cell line HET1A, stimulating CaSR by spermine or Mg2+ resulted in intracellular calcium mobilization, activation of ERK1 and 2, and the secretion of cytokine IL-8 (Justinich et al. 2008; Mulder et al. 2009). In several tissues, the level of CaSR expression seems to vary among different pathological states. For example, CaSR expression is downregulated in colon cancer (Saidak et al. 2009).