CSF2 and infectious disease: As Th17 is involved in the immunopathology of infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases, our results implied that immune therapeutics could be an alternative therapy to overcome the immune evasion caused by C. sinensis, for example, treatment with GM-CSF which has profound capacities of regulation of the immune response and maintenance of immunological tolerance could potentially promote Tregs amounts and function, thus, it may alleviate the immunopathology caused by C. sinensis [49–52].