Noteworthy, in this regard are preclinical reports showing that the systemic antitumor immunity induced by RFA can be enhanced by co-administration of immunological modifiers such as cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) blockade [11, 13]; Treg depletion [13], IL-2 [23, 56]; or by administration of IL-7 and IL-15 [8], macrophage inflammatory protein-1α [57], heat-shocked tumor cell lysate-pulsed dendritic cells [45], poxviral vaccines [19], or CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides [26, 27]. Here, CTLA4 is linked to neoplasm.