ITGAM and Japanese encephalitis: Wild-type BL/6 and 4-1BB KO mice showed comparable levels of CD11b+Ly-6Chi monocytes in the spleen and blood before JEV infection, but the frequency and absolute number of CD11b+Ly-6Chi monocytes increased in the spleen and blood of 4-1BB KO mice during JE progression (Fig. 5a–c).