In established cancer, some immune cells are known to induce anti-tumoural effects (immunosurveillance) (NK cells, CD8+ T cells, Th1 cells, dendritic cells 1, M1 macrophages...), and others, pro-tumoural effects (myeloid-derived suppressor cells, CD4+ T cells, Th2 cells, dendritic cells 2, M2 macrophages...) [57-59]. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and cancer.