Medow et al. (2011) observed TP could fully reverse the reduction in thermal hyperemia caused by infusion of angiotensin-II in young adults. Angiotensin-II is elevated with advanced age, as well as in many disease states, and induces oxidative stress by activating NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase. Thus, infusion of angiotensin-II mimics an aging state. Furthermore, DuPont et al. (2014) demonstrated both TP and Apocynin, an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase, ameliorate the impaired thermal hyperemia observed in chronic kidney disease, another disease state characterized by high oxidative stress. Here, AGT is linked to chronic kidney disease.