Work from our laboratory and others has demonstrated that NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to progression of multiple sclerosis in humans and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in animal models (Ming et al., 2002; Jha et al., 2010; Lalor et al., 2011; Inoue et al., 2012a,b; Shao et al., 2014). Here, NLRP3 is linked to multiple sclerosis.