Figure S3 (Supplementary information) shows that the combination of cisplatin and MLN4924 led to higher JNK activation compared to the single-agent treatment groups. Consistently, western blots revealed decreased Bcl-xL levels after combined cisplatin and MLN4924 treatment in NTUB1 and T24 tumor tissues (Fig. 6A,B). These findings further support the in vitro findings that cisplatin and MLN4924 work synergistically to suppress urothelial carcinoma growth via JNK activation and Bcl-xL down-regulation. This evidence concerns the gene MAPK8 and urothelial carcinoma.