CXCL1 and Alzheimer disease: Further, CXCR2-binding pro-inflammatory chemokines such as CXCL1 and IL-8 are markedly increased in brain and cerebrospinal fluid in inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke, and have been proposed to be mediators of neuronal death, primarily through pro-inflammatory signaling [16–19].