GSTP1 and breast carcinoma: The results revealed that GSTP1 promoter methylation was closely associated with the risk of breast cancer in both Caucasians (OR = 7.23, 95 % CI = 3.76–13.90) and Asians (OR = 11.71, 95 % CI = 5.69–24.07), whereas, the correlation was stronger in Asians than in Caucasians.