SMAD2 and gastric adenocarcinoma: The immunohistochemical expression of p-Smad2 was determined in advanced gastric adenocarcinomas from 135 patients and found to be significantly higher in diffuse type carcinomas, tumors with peritoneal metastasis, and tumors with lymph node metastasis, implying that activated Smad2 might be positively correlated with malignant gastric cancer (Shinto et al., 2010).