Regarding to the gene changes of zebrafish during HF and HFC diets feeding periods, we found that HF and HFC diet-fed zebrafish possessed higher mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid oxidation (pparab, cpt1a and acox3) and lower mRNA levels of genes involved in lipid synthesis (acaca, fasn, srebf2, hmgcs1 and hmgcra) than the control diet-fed ones, suggesting that excessive fat and cholesterol in diet stimulated the hepatic catabolic pathway and inhibited the anabolic pathway. The gene discussed is HMGCS1; the disease is hydrops fetalis.