The recent identification of deposits of amylin in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease, as well as combined deposits of amylin and Aβ plaques, strengthens evidence on the relationship between T2DM and AD indicating also that amylin is a second amyloid and, potentially, a new biomarker for age-related dementia and Alzheimer's [188]. The gene discussed is IAPP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.