INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: On one hand, it was reported that CD14 expression was significantly associated with T2DM and correlated with serum concentrations of C-reactive protein [39]; On the other hand, it was reported that injection of recombinant human soluble CD14 to diabetic mice increased insulin action [40] and the mice with CD14-deficiency displayed significant glucose intolerance [41], suggesting a beneficial role of CD14 in insulin signaling and glucose homeostatsis.