ULK1 and Hyperglycemia: LC3II/LC3I ratio was significantly decreased due to acute hyperglycemia (Fig. 5a), however, other autophagy-related proteins such as Beclin-1, total and Triton X-100-insoluble SQSTM1/p62, phospho-ULK1 (Ser555), ATG7 and BNIP3 were unchanged in AHG group (Fig. 5b–g).