Ultimately, this translates into production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-12p70) and chemokines (e.g., CXCL8, CCL2, CCL3, and CCL4), which are essential in combating infection by facilitating and enhancing phagocytosis and inflammation [21]. Here, IL1B is linked to infection.